What is a Synthetic Language?
A synthetic language, in linguistic typology, is a language with a high morpheme-per-word ratio. This linguistic classification is largely independent or morpheme – usage classifications (such as fusional, agglutinative, etc), although there is a common tendency for agglutinative languages to exhibit synthetic properties.
Synthetic languages are numerous and well-attested the most commonly cited being Indo-European languages such as Greek, Latin, German, Italian, Russian, Polish and Czech, as well as many languages of the Americas, including Navajo, Nahuatl, Mohawk and Quechua.
It is likely that Interlingua can be considered a synthetic language.
What is an Analytical Language?
An analytical language is any language in which syntax and meaning are formed largely through the use of particles and word order instead of word rotation.
Analytical languages tend to express subtle ideas using independent words, while synthetic languages often use ad sites, attachments and internal root conversion for the same purpose.
Analytical languages have strong and detailed synthetic rules. Since words are not pronounced in a way that indicates their role in a sentence, word order often carries great importance; for example, Chinese and English use word order to show the relationship of topic to object. Chinese also uses words to express clarity (when English uses the word and – a), the relationship of comments to the subject, the role of adverbs (whether they describe or are contradictory), and so on.
Analytical languages often rely heavily on contextual and pragmatic considerations in interpreting sentences, as they do not specify the contractual and reference languages between the different parts of the sentence.
Analytical languages that organize words and grammar with strong word order instead of dynamics or word endings that indicates grammar. Examples of analytical languages include Chinese, English, Vietnamese, Thai, Khmer, and Lao.
Examples of Synthetic and Analytic Languages
| Country of Origin | Synthetic Characteristics | English Meaning |
| German | “Aufsichtsratsmitgliederversammlung” | meeting of members of the supervisory board |
| Greek | ??????????????????? | hypercholesterolemia |
| Polish | Przystanek | bus stop |
| English | against-ending-institutionalize-condition-advocate-ideology | |
| Russian | ??????? | thank you |
| Italian | Comunicandovele | communicating those to you |
| Spanish | Escribiéndomelo | writing it to me |
| Nahuati | Ocaltizquiya | she would have bathed him |
| Japanese | ??????? | it’s difficult to be shown (this) |
| Finnish | Juoksentelisinkohan | I wonder if I should run around |
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